Senarai Penjodoh Bilangan

Penjodoh Bilangan	penggunaannya	Contohnya
angkatan	untuk sekumpulan manusia atau benda	kapal, tentera, pelukis, penulis
baris	untuk kedudukan benda/manusia yang berbaris	orang, kedai, rumah, pokok, tulisan, ayat, meja, kerusi
batang	untuk menunjukkan benda-benda yang panjang	sungai, lilin, galah, tiang, pen, pokok, gigi, tongkat, kapur, jambatan, jarum
bentuk	untuk benda-benda kecil yang berkeluk	mata kail, subang, cincin
berkas	untuk benda-benda yang diikat bersama-sama	kunci, lidi, kayu
bidang	untuk benda-benda yang terbentang luas	tanah, kain, sawah, permaidani, layar, kebun, tikar
biji	untuk jenis buah, sayur-sayuran, dan benda-benda yang kecil	labu, lobak, kubis, terung, bola, cawan, guli, belon, ketupat, batu, telur, gelas
Bilah	untuk benda-benda yang tajam	parang, pisau, golok, gunting, sabit, keris
buah	untuk benda-benda besar dan padu, yang tidak mempunyai bentuk yang tertentu	kereta, negeri, rumah, buku, kotak, radio, bandar, kampung, piano, komputer, kamera
buku	untuk benda-benda yang keadaannya berketul/berbongkah	sabun, roti, benang
butir	untuk benda-benda yang bulat atau kecil	telur, batu, manik, beras, peluru
carik/cebis	untuk benda-benda yang dikoyakkan	kertas, kain
cubit	untuk benda yang diambil sedikit dengan jari	garam, gula, kunyit
cucuk	untuk benda-benda yang dicucuk dengan lidi	sate
das	untuk bunyi letupan atau tembakan	meriam, pistol, senapang
deret	untuk benda-benda yang tersusun	bangunan, rumah, kedai, kereta
ekor	untuk semua jenis binatang	nyamuk, semut, kuda, buaya, musang, gajah, arnab, rama-rama
genggam	untuk benda-benda yang digenggam	pasir, beras, padi
gugus	untuk buah-buah ataupun benda	anggur, langsat, kelapa sawit, sawit, kunci
gulung	untuk benda-benda yang bergulung	filem, permaidani, tikar, dawai, kertas
helai	untuk benda-benda yang nipis dan lebar	daun, baju, kertas, kain, tuala, rambut, rumput
ikat	untuk benda-benda yang diikat	kayu, lidi, tebu, sayur, papan
iris	untuk benda-benda yang dipotong kecil-kecil	bawang, timun, daging, buahbuahan
jambak	untuk benda-benda yang bertangkai atau berangkai-rangkai	bunga, kunci
kaki	untuk benda-benda yang bertangkai	payung, cendawan, bungs
kawan	untuk kumpulan haiwan	lembu, kambing, lebah, gajah, merpati
kelompok	untuk sekumpulan manusia, haiwan, dan benda	burung, awan, pulau, bintang
kepal	untuk benda-benda yang dikepal dengan tangan	nasi, pulut, tanah
keping	untuk benda-benda yang nipis atau pipih	roti, papan, kad, gambar, biskut, tanah
kerat	untuk bahagian benda-benda yang dipotong	roti, tiang
Ketul	untuk benda-benda yang berketul dan padu	ais, daging, tulang, sabun, roti
Kotak	untuk benda-benda yang diisikan di dalam kotak	mancis, pensel, rokok, sabun, ubat nyamuk
kuntum	untuk bungs	mawar, melati, anggerik
Laras	untuk senjata api	pistol, senapang, meriam
lembar	benda-benda yang lurus dan panjang	kertas, dawai, benang
longgok	untuk benda-benda yang berada dalam longgokan	durian, pakaian, tanah, cili
naskhah	untuk bahan bacaan yang berjilid	surat khabar, risalah, majalah, makalah, buku
Orang	untuk manusia	guru, jururawat, doktor, pekedai, runcit, posmen
Papan	untuk benda-benda yang berbentuk kepingan	coklat, petai, mercun
pasang	untuk benda dan manusia yang berpasangan	pakaian, kasut, subang, suami isteri, anak
pangsa	untuk bahagian dalam buah	durian
pasukan	untuk sekumpulan orang yang berpakaian seragam	pemain kompang, polis, tentera pengakap
patah	untuk kata	perkataan, kata-kata
potong	untuk benda-benda yang sudah dipotong	kuih, daging, roti
pucuk	untuk benda-benda yang halus serta tipis dan senjata api	jarum, surat, pistol, meriam, senapang, rebung
puntung	untuk sebahagian benda yang masih menyala	rokok, bara, kayu api
rangkap	untuk puisi	pantun, sajak, syair
rawan	untuk benda-benda yang halus, labuh, dan bersirat	jala, jaring, pukat
ruas	untuk benda yang beruas-ruas	tebu, buluh
rumpun	untuk tumbuhan yang tumbuh rapat-rapat	buluh, tebu, serai, pandan, padi
sikat/sisir	untuk buah pisang	pisang
tandan	untuk buah-buahan yang bertandan	pisang, kelapa, pinang, kelapa sawit
tangkai	untuk buah-buahan, bunga-bungaan, dan daun yang bertangkai	rambutan, duku, kenanga, padi, daun
titik	untuk cecair yang menitis	air, darah, dakwat, embun
tongkol	untuk buah yang bertongkol	jagung
ulas	untuk isi buah-buahan yang berpangsa	durian, limau, nangka, cempedak
urat	untuk benda-benda yang halus dan panjang	rambut, benang, dawai,
utas	untuk benda-benda yang panjang	tali, dawai, rantai

Must Read Shoujo Manga

Shoujo mangas are mangas that are aimed primarily for young female audience. The story usually involved personal and romance relationship. Most of the mangas listed may seemed very cliche but they are still a nice read.

• Skip Beat

Genre: Shoujo, Comedy, Drama, Romance

Summary:

Kyouko Mogami lived solely for her childhood friend Shoutaro "Shou" Fuwa. She follows Shou to Tokyo so that he may realize his dream of becoming a famous singer. When his dream is realized, Kyouko overhears the truth behind his decision to bringing her with him: he was using her as a maid. Shocked and enraged, Kyouko swears to take revenge by outdoing him in show business. With a new look and a new attitude, she joins LME, the agency where Ren Tsuruga (Shou's rival and the #1 actor of LME) works, in the hopes of achieving her goal of destroying Shou's pride. Along the way, she discovers her true self, makes new friends (and enemies), and finds herself at the heart of some interesting situations that will change her life, and the lives of all others involved, forever.

Status: Ongoing

• Ano Ko no, Toriko. Manga

Genre: Shoujo, Comedy, School Life, Romance

Summary:

The cool glasses-boy and his two beautiful childhood friends have a delicate balance between the three

Status: Ongoing

• Kyou, Koi wo Hajimemasu

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, School life, Romance, Comedy, Slice of life

Summary:

Tsubaki is a girl who loves making her younger sister's hair pretty every morning, but she doesn't think that kind of style suits herself! The day of her High School Beginning Ceremony, after she failed in being the top student (who usually makes the ceremony speech), she finds herself sitting next to the actual top student of the first years, the worst, rudest guy ever, Kyouta. She ends up cutting his hair on purpose because of the awful things he says to her. Kyouta demands that Tsubaki pays him back with her body, but Tsubaki fixes his hair instead--making it even shorter! After that, Kyouta unexpectedly kisses Tsubaki and swears that he'll take away all her firsts.

Status: Completed

• Anatolia Story

Genre: Shoujo, Historical, Romance, Drama, Action, Adventure, Fantasy, Mature, Supernatural

Summary:

Yuri lived the peaceful, average teenage life until Queen Nakia drew Yuri across time and space into the ancient Hittite Empire to use her as a sacrifice! Yuri meets many different friends throughout her journey to find a way home, but when the season of the North Star comes, enabling Prince Kail to send Yuri home, can she make it back, or have her growing feelings for Kail become too much?

Status: Completed

• Love So Life

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, Slice of life, Romance, Comedy

Summary:

Shiharu is a high school student who loves kids, lives in an orphanage, and works at a daycare... Until the handsome uncle of two-year-old twins offers her a raise if she'll be their babysitter. Often relying on memories of her mother's actions for guidance, Shiharu quickly finds herself falling in love with her new makeshift family.

Status: Completed

• Orange (TAKANO Ichigo)

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, Romance, School life, Mystery, Slice of life, Tragedy

Summary:

 In the Spring she was 16, Takamiya Naho receives a strange, but detailed letter from herself, ten years in the future. At first she thinks the letter is a prank, but then the things written in the letter actually happen, including the new transfer student that sits next to her in class, Naruse Kakeru. The letter reads just like her diary entries, down to the same characters. It is not till two weeks later, when Kakeru shows back up at school, that Naho finishes the letter. In the letter, her 27-year-old self tells her 16-year-old self that her biggest regret is that Kakeru is no longer with them in the future, and asks her to watch him closely. 

Status: Completed

• Kaichou wa Maid-Sama

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, School life, Comedy, Romance

Summary:

Brilliant and overachieving, Misaki Ayuzawa is the President of the Student Council at Seika High School, formerly a boys' school. Unfortunately, most of the students are still male and stuck in their slovenly habits, so man-hating Misaki really socks it to 'em in an attempt to make the school presentable to attract more female students. But what will she do when the sexiest boy in school finds out that after school, Misaki works in a maid cafe. -- Also included in this manga is a short story called Toumei na Sekai in volume one. Training, studying, and even becoming the first female student council president of the school, Misaki has gained a reputation among the male students body as an uptight, boy-hating dictator and as a shining hope for the teachers and fellow female students. However, despite her tough-as-nails appearance, she secretly works part-time at a maid café in order to support her family. Unfortunately, her hard-earned reputation is threatened when the popular, attractive, and somewhat impassive Takumi Usui takes an interest in her after discovering her in a maid uniform after school.

Status: Completed

• Hirunaka no Ryuusei

Genre: Shoujo, School life, Romance, Comedy, Slice of life

Summary:

15-year-old country girl, Suzume Yosano, has to move to Tokyo to live with her uncle due to her father's transfer. She bumps into a mysterious man who ends up taking her to her uncle's place after she gets lost. Turns out, Suzume will be seeing him a lot more often once she starts school because... he's her homeroom teacher!?

Status: Completed

• L-DK

Genre: Shoujo, School life, Romance, Drama, Comedy, Mature 

Summary:

L-DK shows us a lone stroy between Shuusei Kugayama and Aoi Nishimori. Shuusei Kugayama is the "prince" of his high school, but he always turns down confessions--including one from Aoi Nishimori's best friend. Although she initially hates him for this, when Shuusei moves in next door to Aoi, who lives alone, she starts thinking that he might not be such a bad guy after all.

Status: Ongoing

• Vampire Knight

Genre: Shoujo, Fantasy, Romance, Action, Drama, Mystery, Supernatural, Vampire

Summary:

Cross Academy is attended by two groups of students: the Day Class and the Night Class. At twilight, when the students of the Day Class return to their dorm, they cross paths with the Night Class on their way to school. Yuki Cross and Zero Kiryu are the Guardians of the school, protecting the Day Class from the Academy's dark secret: the Night Class is full of vampires!

Status: Completed

• Faster Than A Kiss

Genre: Shoujo, Comedy, School life, Romance, Slice of life, Drama

Summary:

After losing their parents, Fumino and her brother hop from one relative to another. Getting tired of constantly moving, she finally decides to quit school and work to support her brother on her own. As they sat on a park bench, her teacher appears in front of her and agrees to her demand of marrying and supporting both her and her brother!! Is he serious or just playing around...!?

Status: Completed

• Watashi ni xx Shinasai

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, School life, Romance, Comedy

Summary:

In class, she's a sort of zoned-out girl, and he's the year one class' most perfect, good-looking guy. But the two of them have a secret, and their extraordinary "love experience" will start now! Himuro Yukina, known as the "Absolute Zero Snow-woman" is a cold and observant girl. In addition, she is actually a popular cell phone novelist who goes by the name of Yupina. Sadly, with no other human contact than her cousin, Yukina is unable to express more romance in her novels. Kitami Shigure, your so-called "typical bishounen", who is really a womanizer, has fallen into Yukina's trap when she blackmails him, and Shigure ends up doing Yukina's ''missions of love''. As this continue, will these ''missions'' be a opportunity for them to fall in love?

Status: Ongoing

• Tsuki no Shippo

Genre: Shoujo, Adventure, Comedy, Drama, Ecchi, Action, Martial arts, Historical

Summary:

Sometimes it seems like Usagi is hopeless. Sure, she's good with healing herbs, but she's the granddaughter of the leader of a prestigious ninja village and she's such a klutz that she's never made it out of the kiddie class. Finally frustrated with Usagi's lack of progress, her grandfather sends her to marry a local lord and have lots of ninja babies. But the lord has no interest in her or her child bearing potential! After years of goofing around, Usagi is finally determined to reach her goals - she's going to become a ninja and capture her true love's heart!

Sequel to "Tsuki no Toiki"

Status: Completed

• Tsuki no Toiki

Genre: Shoujo, Drama, Historical, Romance

Summary: 
Feudal Japan: a girl is found among the bamboo with a slash wound on her back. Having no memories of her identity she is taken into a local brothel and put in charge of babysitting and housekeeping duties. One day, a frequent handsome customer, who also happens to be the head guard of the local castle, notices and wants her as his partner. Having none of that, the girl whacks him across his face, but he does not give up that easily. 2) Tsuki no Toiki: Natsu no Yume - To protect Hanzou's homeland from attack by her family, Sara must infiltrate the ninja town of Iga and steal their secret gunpowder formula. As an added bonus, she gets to marry Hanzou in the process. There is just one problem...it's not the Hanzou she thinks it is! And when our lecherous Hanzou from the first story comes around to visit, he gets quite a surprise. Prequel to: TSUKI NO SHIPPO

Status: Completed

Must Read Josei Manga

I have been reading manga since I was in primary school. I can still remember the day when my mother got me my first Doraemon manga from the local bookstore. That store was one of my favourite place to go to stock my shelves with different volumes of all the mangas I love to read. Now that I am much older, I developed a preference in Josei manga compared to shoujos that I usually read in secondary school. Here are a list of must read josei manga.

• Chihayafuru

Genre: Josei, Drama, Romance, School life, Slice of life, Sports

Summary:

All her life, Chihaya's dream was to see her model sister become Japan's best. That is, until a quiet, unassuming transfer student named Arata tells her otherwise. Arata plays a competitive version of a traditional Japanese card game known as Hyakunin |Isshu. After taking Arata's place in a game, Chihaya discovers she has a passion for it. Now Chihaya watns to become number one in the world, the Queen of Karuta.

Status: Ongoing

• Paradise Kiss

Genre: Josei, Drama, Romance, Tragedy, Comedy, Mature

Summary:

Yukari wants nothing more than to make her parents happy by studying hard and getting into a good college. One afternoon, however, she is kidnapped by a group of self-styled fashionistas calling themselves "Paradise Kiss." Yukari suddenly finds herself flung into the roller-coaster life of the fashion world, guided by George, art-snob extraordinaire. In a glamorous makeover of body, mind and soul, she is turned from a hapless bookworm into her friends own exclusive clothing model. In this manga we meet characters from Gokinjo Monogatari like Mikako (and her little sister, Miwako - she's in "ParaKiss" staff) and Arashi father (only poster, but still) and new like Isabella.

Status: Completed

• Kimi wa Pet

Genre: Josei, Drama, Romance, Shoujo, Comedy, Slice of life

Summary:

Smart, successful and good-looking Iwaya Sumire works for a big newspaper. However, her boss asks her to leave for being too "perfect" a woman. Feeling angry and dejected Iwaya returns home depressed, and most of all lonely. However, she finds an unconscious young man lying in a box out the front of her home and takes him in. He looks like a dog she used to own called Momo. She dubs him Momo and decides to "keep him as a pet." It's the start of an unexpected life together as they overcome obstacles and become quite attached to one another.

Status: Completed

• Hapi Mari

Genre: Josei, Drama, Romance, Comedy, 

Summary:

In order to help her father, Chiwa Takanashi agrees to an arranged marriage with the company president Hokuto Mamiya – a man she doesn’t know – at the request of Hokuto’s grandfather. Chiwa believes the arrangement isn’t binding, but her new partner seems to think otherwise. Can two strangers living together find their way to a happy marriage?!

Status: Completed

• Nana

Genre: Josei, Drama, Music, Slice of life, Tragedy, Romance

Summary:

This is the story of two 20-year-old women who share the same name. Even though they come from completely different backgrounds, they somehow meet and become best friends. The world of Nana is a world exploding with sex, music, fashion, gossip and all-night parties.

Status: Hiatus

• Ou-sama ni Sasagu Kusuriyubi

Genre: Josei, Drama, Romance

Summary:

Ayaka who is working at bridal section in a hotel is a beauty with bad personality! and right in front of her comes the hotel owner, name Tougou but full of mockery with [Ousama] and out from no where they both getting "marry"..!? an unlikely wedding story finally has begun

Status: Ongoing

Ethics Assignment

Case Based Ethics Assignment

Should the medical team allow this delay in informing the mother of her daughter’s death?

Respect for autonomy means respect for the decision-making capacities of a person. An autonomous decision is made when there is intentionality and understanding and when there are no controlling influences.The patient acts based on their own values, beliefs and desires. This shows how significant informed consent and patient’s confidentiality is in patient care (Phipps 2016). A patient has the right to obtain truthful information about their health because their health is intricately linked with their sense of self or to decide how to proceed with treatment. Based on the case, our patient is Ishraq. She is underage so her parents have parental autonomy to make treatment choices and give consent on her behalf. When she passed away, Ishraq mother’s has a right to know about the medical status of her child while Ishraq father’s has his right to prevent medical information from being disclose, which he believes is in the best interest of his wife. 

Beneficence means to act in your patient’s best interest, that is by providing a good therapeutic outcome and by preventing harmful outcomes. This ethical principle is interrelated to medical paternalism. A doctor do not feel obligated to tell the patient their diagnosis and prognosis if they feel it isn’t in the best interest of the patient . Non-maleficence, on the other hand, is to do no harm, be it in the form of physical, psychological, emotional, long term, short term or culturally (Phipps 2016). The doctor may not want to inform Ishraq’s mother on the death of her daughter as they think that is better for her mental health which can also affects her physically. This is because the news might overwhelmed her and affects her pregnancy. They would also practice non-maleficence as they try to not inflict any emotional harm although it might only be momentarily.

There are three elements in justice. Firstly, the fair distribution of healthcare resources, benefits, risks, and costs. Next, right-based justice and also legal justice (Niselle 2013). Justice looks at how we treat individual patients in relation to the other population of whether a treatment they may have autonomously consented to ought to be provided for them by the State (Phipps 2016). It is applicable as the medical services are accessible to everyone regardless of their culture, race, nationality and gender. Ishraq is able to access better treatments in the United States without being discriminated. Doctors should be just and not discriminate against a particular gender in respecting their autonomy. However, there may be a cultural difference. Bangladeshi men usually take the lead to in making decision on what or when to inform their spouse but the cultural norm may also only apply to Ishraq’s father as we cannot assume whether the mother wants to know.

I will inform the mother of her daughter’s death if she ask about it. This is because I believe that the principle, autonomy far outweighs beneficence and non-maleficence in this particular case. Ishraq’s mother has her right to know about the condition of her daughter and we, however experienced, cannot predict how she would react in the situation based on all our previous patients. She is her own person and has her own views, beliefs and values. She, herself will know what is best for herself and the continuous worrying about her daughter’s condition will also affect her pregnancy. I think that she is entitled to grief for the death of her daughter. I also feel that I did exercise beneficence as, in my perception, informing her of the news might be what is best for her in the future. She may be able to accept the news of her daughter’s death and find peace with it. The father will not have to frequently visit the hospital. Instead, he can rest and look after his wife and unborn child. However, I did not practice non-maleficence as breaking the news about it would definitely caused pain to her emotionally and psychologically. Nevertheless, if she did not enquire about it, I would not inform her. This is because they are from a different culture and a language barrier also exist. The interpreter might not be able to break the bad news well in comparison with the father. I also have to take into consideration their ways of life. The principle, justice is applicable when treatment is provided to Ishraq impartially and when both parents’ autonomy are respected without discriminating based on gender. To overcome the language barrier, the hospital even employ an interpreter to communicate with the family.

References

Niselle, P. 2013, ‘ Essential learning: law and ethics’, New Doctor, vol. 6, no. 1, viewed 18 May 2016, http://www.medicalprotection.org/uk/casebook-and-resources/new-doctor/vol-6-no-1-2013/essential-learning-law-and-ethics

Phipps, ME 2016, ‘An introduction to ethics and biomedical ethics’, MED1011- Ethics Module, Lecture materials, Semester 1, 2016, Monash University.